Production years: 1988–1992 Design work on the "Moskvitch 2141", which went into series production in 1987, began at the Lenin Komsomol Automobile Plant in 1977–1978. The development of the model, which took almost ten years, began in 1977, when the plant bought 10 French-built "Simca 1307/1308" cars. The first body model was sculpted in plasticine directly on a Simca body. In ten years Soviet designers turned Western Europe's 1976 "Car of the Year" into a brand-new vehicle for the Soviet citizen. The base "Moskvitch 2141" had a Volga Automobile Plant engine, the VAZ-2106-70, with 76.4 hp (56.3 kW); the "Moskvitch 21412" variant got the Ufa UZAM-331.10 engine with 72 hp (52.9 kW). Literature: "Tehnika ja Tootmine", 5/1986, Front-wheel drive for the "Moskvitch" too, N. Shcherbakov